What is creating the bubbling, gaseous atmosphere on Jupiter's moon Io ? Scientists think they finally have the answer: volcanoes.
Top image: A map of Jupiter's moon Io shows the brightly-colored craters, evident with Hubble Space Telescope radar images, where volcanoes are erupting in spots.
By Roger J. Cassebrock and Oliver Kashuba ( Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, USA); M. A. Gordon, Slava Noev (Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, USA); R. Riddle, John Gilligan, Walter Christensen (Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, USA); Louise M. Simon, Caspar Olausson, Stefan Brüggemann, Andrea E. Knorr, Ivan Payne (Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, USA); Gustaf Modell (Arizona State University, USA); Javier Guillemin (Texas A&M University in College Station, USA); Jerry M. Mikucki (California Institute of Technology, USA); Patrick H. Mahoney (National Space Science Data Center, USA); Katja Lindemann (University of Hawaii, USA); Edward D. Nixon (University of Arizona, USA); Eric P. Roemmich (University of Hawaii, USA / Orbital Sciences Corp., USA); Stephen R. McKinley (McGill University, Quebec Canada); Zhibin Jun (NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, USA); Richard E. Wetherill (JPL, USA); R. Patrick McCormick, Sr. Research Fellow, Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, USA).
The authors are indebted to all those who have publicly described their discoveries in space science and to all whose work helped further our understanding on the topic . The HIPPOES team of Amri Rubaee, Emmanuel B. Fadel, Xavier Dumusque, Giorgio Vannucchi, Angelo Braun, Roberto Ihadzian, Philippe Coudron. et al. (FROMU/Asteroids and Planetesimals, Italian National Institute for Astrophysics, Italy)
Footnotes Author contributions: M.A.G., C.J.M., J.F., A.J., and A.T.W. designed research; M.A.G., E.A.H., I.H.G., and S.B.G. performed research; M.A.G., S.B.G., Y.S., and A.T.W. analyzed data; and M.A.G., S.B.G., G.A.V.,
Top image: A map of Jupiter's moon Io shows the brightly-colored craters, evident with Hubble Space Telescope radar images, where volcanoes are erupting in spots.
By Roger J. Cassebrock and Oliver Kashuba ( Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, USA); M. A. Gordon, Slava Noev (Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, USA); R. Riddle, John Gilligan, Walter Christensen (Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, USA); Louise M. Simon, Caspar Olausson, Stefan Brüggemann, Andrea E. Knorr, Ivan Payne (Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, USA); Gustaf Modell (Arizona State University, USA); Javier Guillemin (Texas A&M University in College Station, USA); Jerry M. Mikucki (California Institute of Technology, USA); Patrick H. Mahoney (National Space Science Data Center, USA); Katja Lindemann (University of Hawaii, USA); Edward D. Nixon (University of Arizona, USA); Eric P. Roemmich (University of Hawaii, USA / Orbital Sciences Corp., USA); Stephen R. McKinley (McGill University, Quebec Canada); Zhibin Jun (NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, USA); Richard E. Wetherill (JPL, USA); R. Patrick McCormick, Sr. Research Fellow, Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, USA).
The authors are indebted to all those who have publicly described their discoveries in space science and to all whose work helped further our understanding on the topic . The HIPPOES team of Amri Rubaee, Emmanuel B. Fadel, Xavier Dumusque, Giorgio Vannucchi, Angelo Braun, Roberto Ihadzian, Philippe Coudron. et al. (FROMU/Asteroids and Planetesimals, Italian National Institute for Astrophysics, Italy)
Footnotes Author contributions: M.A.G., C.J.M., J.F., A.J., and A.T.W. designed research; M.A.G., E.A.H., I.H.G., and S.B.G. performed research; M.A.G., S.B.G., Y.S., and A.T.W. analyzed data; and M.A.G., S.B.G., G.A.V.,
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